Stance Phase

Shoulder Girdle

R: Elevation and upward rotation

Muscles: levator scapulae, serratus anterior, upper and middle trapezius, rhomboids

Contraction: Isometric

L: Depression and downward rotation

Muscles: pectoralis minor, lower trapezius

Contraction: Isometric

Shoulder Joint

R: Flexion

Muscles: anterior deltoid, upper pectoralis major

Contraction: Isometric

L: Extension

Muscles: latissimus dorsi, teres major, lower pectoralis major, posterior deltoid

Contraction: Isometric

Elbow Joint

R: Flexion

Muscles: Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

Contraction: Isometric

L: Extension

Muscles: triceps brachii

Contraction: Isometric

Radioulnar Joint

R: Supination

Muscles: supinator, anconeus

Contraction: Isometric

L: Neutral

Wrist

R and L: extension

Muscles: extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus

Contraction: Isometric

Hand

R: abduction

Muscles: abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi

Contraction: Isometric

L: extension

Muscles: extensor digitorum, indicis, digiti minimi, pollicis longus and brevis

Contraction: Isometric